Parma Penyane Quettaron v2.3

Current word count:

Version 2.3

Introduction by Elenhil Laiquendo (Boris Shapiro)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED:

blue color marks authentic words and ROOTS attested in Tolkien's own works

all unauthentic (reconstructed) forms are *black

There are, of course, ordinary linguistic symbols: * = unattested form, ** = wrong form, # = word that is only attested in a compound or in an inflected form (e.g. #saila from alasaila; see WISE below);

LotR = The Lord of the Rings, Etym = The Etymologies (in The Lost Road pp.347-400), LT1 = The Book of Lost Tales 1, SD = Sauron Defeated, PM = The Peoples of Middle-earth, MS = The Merin Sentence (published in Tyalië Tyelelliéva no.14), PE = Parma Eldalamberon (a linguistic journal sequentially introducing unpublished Tolkien's linguistic works), VT = Vinyar Tengwar (a journal of the Elvish Linguistic Fellowship introducing unpublished Tolkien's works);

Q = Quenya, S = Sindarin, Ilk = Ilkorin, ON = Old Noldorin, PE = Primitive Elvish (Quendian), CE = Common Eldarin, vb = verb, adj = adjective, interj = interjection, conj = conjugation, part = participle, p.p. = passive participle, ger = gerund, prep = preposition, pron = pronominal, adv = adverb, imp = imperative, inter = interrogative, rel = relative, subj = subjunctive, neg = negative, syn = synonym, trans = transitive, intr = intransitive, pa.t. = past tense, pres = present, fut = future tense, inf = infinitive, abl = ablative, loc = locative, all = allative, dat = dative, pos = possessive, instr = instrumental, sg = singular form, pl = plural form, pers = person, imp = impersonal, excl = exclusive, fem = feminine.

SOURCES: A.B. = Ales Bican (the Newwords wordlist), A.G.C. = Alex Grigny de Castro, B.S. = Boris Shapiro, B.W. = Bill Welden, C.H. = Carl F. Hostetter, D.S. = David Salo, D.K. = David Kiltz, D.W. = Didier Willis, E.B.-Y. = Eli Bar-Yahalom, E.K. = Edward Kloczko, E.N. = Eddin Najetovic, F.S. = Fredrik Ström, G.R. = Greta Rudolph, H.F. = Helge Fauskanger, K.MT. = Kai MacTane, L.S. = Lisa Star, L.N. = Lucas Novak, M.B. = Mans Bjorkman, M.D. = Mellonath Daeron, N.K. = Nicholas D. Kontovas, P.Ti. = Petri Tikka, R.W. = Robert B Wilson, R.D. = Ryszard Derdzinski, T.D. = Terry Dock, T.F. = Thomas Ferencz, V.M. = Valery Maximiv.

These persons may not be the very authors of these reconstructions, but using them for the first time they became somewhat 'responsible' for them. I assume that one is free to contact them if he have any questions concerning these words.

The spelling used in this wordlist is regularised (c for k except in a few names, x for ks, qu for q, long vowels marked with accents rather than macrons or circumflexes; the diaeresis is used as in LotR).When sin a word represents earlier þ (th as in thing) and it should be spelt with the letter súlë instead of silmë in Tengwar writing (though Tolkien himself sometimes ignored or forgot this), this is indicated by þ immediately following the word in question (e.g. ausa (þ) SHAPE, DIM below).

Where several words come from one source (i.e. one essay), they are arranged according to their use by Tolkien, that is the preceding word was replaced by the following one.

A

ABANDON (vb)

  1. *avarta- (forsake) (from S awartha- "forsake, abandon") - WAR - B.S.

    (syn hehta- "put aside, leave out, exclude")

ABLE, BE (vb)

  1. #pol- (physically) (can) (from Q aorist polin quetë "I can speak...") - POL - VT41:6
  2. #ista- (know how, can) (from Q aorist istan polë [sic, read istan quetë] = "I can speak...") - IS - VT41:6
  3. #lerta- (see no obstacles) (can) (from Q aorist lerta quetë [sic, read lertan quetë] "I can speak...") - LER - VT41:6

ACCOMODATE (vb)

  1. camta (*adapt, make fit, fit, *suit) - KAM - VT44:14

ACT (noun)

  1. *car (from Q car- "make, do") - KAR - H.F.

*ADAPT (vb)

  1. see ACCOMODATE

ADD TO (stem)

  1. Öhan (increase, enhance, honour (especially by gift)) - VT43:14

ADOPT A CHILD (vb)

  1. *yonta- (son) - YO - P.T.
  2. *yenta- (daughter) - YO - P.T.

ADOPTED CHILD (noun)

  1. *yontimo (son) - YO - P.T.
  2. *yentimë (daughter) - YO - P.T.

ADOPTIVE FATHER (noun)

  1. *yontaro (for a son) - YO - P.T.
  2. *yentaro (for a daughter) - YO - P.T.

ADOPTIVE MOTHER (noun)

  1. *yontarë (for a son) - YO - P.T.
  2. *yentarë (for a daughter) - YO - P.T.

ADDRESS (noun)

  1. *tengessë (lit. "indication-name") - ES, TEÑ - B.S.

AFFECT (vb)

  1. *persa-, *peresta- (disturb, alter, *concern) (from S presta "affect, trouble, disturb") - PÉRES - B.S.
  2. see TOUCH

AFFECTED (adj) (of a mutated vowel)

  1. *persana (lenited) (from S prestannen "affected (of vowel)") - PÉRES - B.S.

AFFECTION (noun) (of vowels)

  1. *persanië (lenition) (from S prestanneth "affection of vowels") - PÉRES - B.S.

AFFECTIONATE (adj)

  1. méla (loving) - MEL - VT39

*AFTER (prep)

  1. (of time) - see NEXT TO
  2. (of place) - see NEXT TO, ON

AGAINST (prep)

  1. *ara (opposed to, opposite) (homonymous to *ara "along side", q.v. ALONG SIDE) - ARA - VT43:33
  2. see ON

AGED (adj) (with no connotation of weakness)

  1. *yeniquanta (long-lived) (from S * iphant < ifant "aged, long-lived, old) - YEN, KWAT - B.S.

    (syn linyenwa "having many years")

AGO (adj)

  1. luina - LU - PE12:56

AID (vb)

  1. resta- (from QL) - H.F.

ALIKE (adj)

  1. *óvëa (cf. QL sovëa "alike", so- "together, grouped") - WÓ - B.S.

ALLOW ENTRY (vb)

  1. see OPEN II

ALONE (adj)

  1. erinqua (single) - ERE - VT42:10

    (syn erya)

ALONG SIDE (prep)

  1. *ara (homonymous to *ara "against, opposed to, opposite", see AGAINST) - ADA - VT43:33

ALSO (adv)

  1. yando (from QL) (probably isn't valid in Quenya, since it is associated with ya "and", replaced by ar) - H.F.

ALTER (vb)

  1. see AFFECT

ALWAYS (adv)

  1. illumë - IL, LU - VT44:9

    (syn oialë, tennoio "for ever, everlastingly", voro "ever, continually")

AMEN (interj)

  1. san na - S, NÁ - VT43:24
  2. na san - S, NÁ - VT43:24
  3. násië - NÁ, SI - VT43:24

    (obsoleting reconstructed **anwave)

AMONG (prep)

  1. mica (probably partitive, i.e. among similar objects; cf. imbë "between, i.e. among different objects) - MI - VT43:30
  2. imíca (probably partitive, i.e. among similar objects; cf. imbë "between, i.e. among different objects) - MI - VT43:30

ANGLE (noun)

  1. *vennassë (from S bennas "angle, corner") - BEN, NAS - B.S.

ANSWER (vb)

  1. *nanquet- (from S dangweth "answer") - NDAN, KWET - D.W.

ANSWER (noun)

  1. *nangwesa (from S dangweth "answer") - NDAN, KWET - H.F.

APPARITION (noun) (spectral or vague)

  1. ausa (þ) (dim shape) - WATH - VT42:10

APPLIANCE (noun)

  1. *yungwa (from YUK "use") - YUK - P.T.

APPROACH (vb)

  1. *analelya-, pa.t. *analendë (from S #anglenna- "approach", anglennatha fut 3rd pers "will approach") - ANA, LED - B.S.

APPROPRIATE (vb) (to a special purpose or owner)

  1. sati- (set aside, *define, *divide, *mark off, *limit) - SAT - VT42:20

ARTICLE (noun) (for exchange)

  1. *maca (ware, thing) (from S bach "article (for exchange), ware, thing") - MBAKH - B.S.

AS (adv)

  1. ya(n) - YA - VT43:16
  2. sívë (lit. "like this"), - SI - VT43:16
  3. tambë (lit. "like that") - TA - VT43:16

    (cf. SO)

ASSEMBLE (vb)

  1. *yocar- (compose, construct) - KAR - T.F.

ATTACK (vb)

  1. *nalanta- (lit. "fall upon") - NÂ1, TALÁT - H.F.

B

BEFORE (prep)

  1. mennai (until) - VT27
  2. nó (until) (VT41:13 has nó "but", PM:135 has #nó prep "after, next", PE12:66 has nó "after (only of time); - see BUT, NEXT TO) - MS
  3. epë (until) - VT42:32

BEGETTER (fem noun)

  1. see MOTHER

BEGIN (vb)

  1. *yesta- - ESE, ESET - R.D.

    (obsoleting reconstructed **yesetya-)

BEGINNING (noun)

  1. *yessë (from Q yestarë "the first day of a year") - ESE, ESET - H.F.

BELT (noun)

  1. quilta (from QL qilta "belt") - H.F.

*BESIDE (prep)

  1. see ON

BETRAY (vb)

  1. *varta- (from S gwarth "betrayer") - WAR - B.S.

BETRAYER (noun)

  1. *varto (from S gwarth "betrayer") - WAR - B.S.

BE, WILL (1st sg pers fut vb)

  1. nauva - NÂ2 - VT42:34

    (obsoleting reconstructed **núva, **yéva)

BEYOND (prep)

  1. lá (probably obsoletes neg part lá and its derivatives) - VT42:32, VT44:4
  2. han - VT43:14

BLADE (noun) (of a cutting tool or weapon, especially sword-blade)

  1. maica - MAK - VT39

BLEND (noun) (a running together of two tengwi)

  1. ostimë - VT39

BLESSED (adj)

  1. manaquenta - KWET, KWETE - VT44:10

BLOOM I (noun) (the flowers collectively of a single plant)

  1. olótë - WÔ, LOT(H) - VT42:18

BLOOM II (vb)

  1. losta- - LOT(H) - VT42:18

BLOSSOM (noun) (of many flowers)

  1. *olotsë (collection of flowers) (from S gwaloth "blossom, collection of flowers") - WÔ, LOT(H) - B.S.

BOOT (noun)

  1. saipo - PE12:82

BOUND (vb)

  1. lanya- (enclose, separate from, mark the limit of) (Etym has lanya- "weave", LAN) - (G)LAN - VT42:8

BOUNDS, WITHIN (adj)

  1. lanwa (limited, finite, (well-)defined) (Etym has lanwa "loom", LAN) - (G)LAN - VT42:8

BOUNDARY, BOUNDARY LINE (noun)

  1. *taica (limit) (from S taeg "boundary, limit, boundary line") - *TAYAK - B.S.
  2. landa (Etym has adj landa "wide", LAN) - (G)LAN - VT42:8

BOUNDARY POST OR MARK (noun)

  1. lantalca- -TAK, (G)LAN - VT42:8

BRINK OF LIFE(noun) (perilous situation in which one is likely to fall into death)

  1. #cuivië-lanca (from Q cuivië-lancassë loc "on the brink of life") - KUY, (G)LAN - VT42:8

BROTH (noun)

  1. *salpa (liquid food, soup) (from S *salph < salf "liquid food, soup, broth") - SÁLAP - B.S.

    (syn sulpa)

BURDEN (noun)

  1. *cólo (from S caul "great burden, affliction") - *KOL - VT39

BUT (conj)

  1. nó (MS has nó prep "before", PM:135 has #nó prep "after, next", PE12:66 has nó "after (only of time); - see BEFORE, NEXT TO) - NÓ - VT41:13
  2. ono - VT43:23
  3. mal - VT43:23

C

CAN (vb) (have physical power and ability; know how, see no obstacles of promise, secrecy, duty) see ABLE, BE CAT (noun)

  1. *miura (neutral) (from Q miulë "whining") - MIW - T.D.
  2. *miurë (feminine, "she-cat") (from Q miulë "whining") - MIW - T.D.
  3. *miuro (masculine, "tom-cat") (from Q miulë "whining") - MIW - T.D.

    (for "cat" LT2 has mëoi)

CATCH (vb) (in a net)
  1. raita- - RAY - VT42:12
CAUSE TO GO (vb) (in a desired direction)
  1. menta- (send) - MEN - VT41:6
CENTRE (noun)
  1. enda ("heart", fëa or sáma itself, distinct from its contacts with the hroa) - NÉD/ÉNED - VT39
  2. entë (physical, not used for emotions or thought) - HEN/HENET - VT41:16

    (for "centre" Etym has endë ÉNED)

CENTRAL (adj)

  1. entya (middle) - HEN/HENET - VT41:16

    (Etym has endya, enya)

CERTAINLY (adv)

  1. *tancavë (from Q tanca "fixed, firm, sure") - TAK - M.D.

CHAIN (noun)

  1. *angwenda (from S angwedh "'iron-bond', chain") - WED - P.T.

CHEERS (interj)

  1. *almien! (literally "to good fortune!")(from Q alma "wealth, good fortune") - GALA - M.D.

CHESS (noun)

  1. *arantyalmë (lit. "king-game") - 3AR, TYAL - L.N.

CHESSBOARD (noun)

  1. *artapano - THAR, PAN - T.F.

CHOOSE (vb)

  1. #cil- (from Q Essecilmë "name-choosing")

CHRIST

  1. Elpino (prob. lit. "the Chosen") - LEP - VT44:15
  2. Hristo (transliteration) - VT44:15

CIGARETTE (noun)

  1. *uscil, *uscillë (tobacco-pipe) (from USUK "smoke") - USUK - T.D.
CITY (noun) (with a citadel and central watch-tower)
  1. minassë (fort) - MINI - VT42:24

    (syn arta "fortress")

CLOAK (vb)

  1. see VEIL II

CLOCK (noun)

  1. *lúma - LU - P.Ti.

*CLOSE TO (prep)

  1. see ON

CLOSED(adj)

  1. pahta (shut, private) - PAK - VT39
  2. avalatya (not open) - ABA, LAT - VT41:6
CLOSENESS (noun)
  1. aquapahtië (privacy) - KWA, PAK - VT39, VT41:6

CLOTHE (vb)

  1. *hap-, pa.t. *hampë (enfold) (from KHAP "enfold") (VT41:6 has the root KHAP "bind, make fast, restrain, deprive of liberty") - KHAP - P.T.

CLOTHING (noun)

  1. *hampë (garment) (from KHAP "enfold") (VT41:6 has the root KHAP "bind, make fast, restrain, deprive of liberty") - KHAP - A.B.

COLLECTION OF FLOWERS (noun)

  1. see BLOSSOM

COMING (noun)

  1. *tulessë - TUL - R.D.

COMPASSION (noun)

  1. *ófelmë (sympathy) - WÔ - D.K.

COMPOSE (vb)

  1. see ASSEMBLE

COMPRESS (vb)

  1. sanga- (pack tight, press; *crowd, *throng) - STAG - PE12:81

CONCERN (vb)

  1. see AFFECT
  2. see TOUCH

CONCERNING (prep)

  1. see ON

CONFRONTING (adj)

  1. see FACING

CONSONANT (noun)

  1. #návëa (pl návëar, is attested) (tengwë chiefly dependent on the movements in the mouth (náva)) - ÑGAW - VT39
  2. #náva-tengwë (pl náva-tengwi is attested) (tengwë chiefly dependent on the movements in the mouth (náva)) - ÑGAW, TEÑ - VT39
  3. pl patakar (named for the three "chief positions of consonantal contact", p, t, k)- VT39
  4. #tapta, #tapta tengwë (pl taptar, tapta tengwiare attested) (impeded element) - TAP, TEÑ - VT39
  5. #sarda, #sarda tengwë (pl sardë , sarda tengwi are attested) (hard sound) - SAR - VT39
  6. #lambetengwë (pl lambetengwiis attested) (tengwë chiefly characterised by tongue-positions) - LAB, TEÑ - VT39

CONSTRUCT (vb)

  1. see ASSEMBLE

CONVERSE (vb)

  1. *artaquet- (debate) (from S athrabeth "debate, converse") - THAR, KWET - B.S.
COPPER, POLISHED (noun)
  1. calarus(t)- - RUS - VT41:10

COURSE (noun)

  1. *ratta (river-bed) (from S rath "course, river-bed") - RAT - P.T.

COVERING (noun)

  1. vailë - WAY - PE12:100

    (syn telmë "hood")

CROWD (vb)

  1. see COMPRESS

CURSE1 (noun)

  1. *racco (from S #rhach "curse", e-'Rach "of the Curse") - B.S.

CURSE2 (vb)

  1. *rac- (from S #rhach "curse", e-'Rach "of the Curse") - B.S.

D

DAILY (adj)

  1. ilyarëa- IL - VT43:18
  2. ilaurëa - IL - VT43:18

DANGER (noun)

  1. #raxalë (from Q raxalellor pl abl "from dangers") - *RAK - VT44:9
  2. #raxë (from Q raxellor pl abl "from dangers") - *RAK - VT44:9

DAUNTLESS MAN (noun)

  1. *salyon, *salyondo, pl *salyondi (hero) replacing older **talyon, talyondi) (from PE *stalgondó, S thalion "hero, dauntless man") - STÁLAG - P.T.

    (syn callo "noble man, hero")

DEBATE (vb)

  1. see CONVERSE

DEBT (noun)

  1. #lucassë (trespass, *sin) (from lucassemmar 3rd pers pl "our debts") - *(U)LUK - VT43:19.
  2. #lucië (trespass, *sin) (from luciemmar 3rd pers pl "our debts") - *(U)LUK - VT43:19
  3. #luhta (trespass, *sin) (from luhtar pl "debts") - *(U)LUK - VT43:19
  4. #rohta (trespass, *sin) (from rohtar pl "debts") - (O)ROK - VT43:19
  5. #úcarë (trespass, *sin) (from úcaremmar 3rd pers pl "our debts") - UGU, UMU, KAR - C.H.
  6. *naicë -(trespass, *sin) (from naicor pl "sinners") - NÁYAK - C.H.
  7. *naiquë (trespass, *sin) (from naiquëar pl "sinners") - NÁYAK - C.H.

DEBTOR (noun)

  1. #naico (pl naicor is attested) - NÁYAK - VT43:19
  2. #naiquëa (pl naiquëar is attested) - NÁYAK - VT43:19
  3. #lucando (from lucandor pl "debtors") - *(U)LUK - VT43:19
  4. #lucindo (from lucindor pl "debtors") - *(U)LUK - VT43:19
  5. #rocindo (from rocindillomman "from our trespasses") - (O)ROK - VT43:19
  6. coll #rohtalië (from rohtaliello abl "from debtor-people") - (O)ROK - VT43:19
  7. *úcaro (from #úcarë "debt, trespass, *sin) - UGU, UMU, KAR - B.S.

DEEM (vb)

  1. see JUDGE

DEER (noun)

  1. *arassë (from S aras "deer") - RAS - B.S.

DEFENCE (noun)

  1. see PATRONAGE

DEFINE (vb)

  1. see APPROPRIATE

DEFINED, WELL-DEFINED (adj)

  1. see BOUNDS, WITHIN

DELIVER (vb)

  1. etrúna - ET - VT43:23
  2. eterúna - ET - VT43:23
  3. etelehta - ET, LEK - VT43:23

DEMON (noun)

  1. *úmaia (devil) (lit. "unbeautiful one", cf. úvanimo "monster, *ugly one" - vanimo " *beautiful one") - UGU, UMU - P.T.

DENCE (adj)

  1. sangwa (hard, tight, thick, tough) (Etym has sangwa "poison") - STAG - PE12:81

    (syn tunga "tight, resonant (of strings)", tiuca "fat")

DEPRIVED (adj)

  1. rakinë (stripped) - VT39

DEPRIVED OF (adj)

  1. úna (destitute, forlorn) - UGU, UMU - VT39

DESCRIBE (vb)

  1. *ostec- (from OS "round, about", TEK "write") - OS, TEK - E.B.-Y.

DESIRE (noun)

  1. namië (a single one) (judgement) - VT39

DESIRE TO GO IN SOME DIRECTION (vb)

  1. mína- (wish to go to a place, make for it; have some end in view) - MEN - VT39

DESIRING TO START (adj)

  1. mína (eager to go) - MEN - VT39

DESPISE (vb)

  1. #nattir- (from Q nattira pres sg "despise") - DAT, TIR - VT44:8

DESTITUTE (adj)

  1. see DEPRIVED OF

DESTITUTE OF (adv and prep)

  1. ú (without) (usually followed by genitive) - UGU, UMU - VT39

DEVIL (noun)

  1. see DEMON

DIFFICULTY (noun)

  1. *taryassë (stiffness, toughness) (from S tarias "stiffness, toughness, difficulty") - TÁRAG - B.S.

DIPHTHONG (noun)

  1. ohlon - VT39

    (Etym has the root SAM, Q samnar "diphthongs")

DISTANCE I (noun)

  1. *hayassë (from KHAYA "far, distant") - KHAYA - P.T.

DISTANCE II (vb)

  1. *haita- (make distant, remote) - KHAYA - P.T.

DISTANCING (noun)

  1. *hailë (removal) - KHAYA - P.T.

DISTURB (vb)

  1. see AFFECT

DIVIDE (vb)

  1. see APPROPRIATE

DIVINE (adj)

  1. Eruva - ERE - VT44:18

DO NOT (neg imp vb)

  1. ala, ála (probably obsoleted by derivatives of lá "beyond") - LA - VT43:22, VT44:4

    (syn áva, avá, vá)

DOORWAY (noun)
  1. *fendassë (gateway) (from S phennas "doorway, gateway") - PHEN - B.S.

DOWN (pref)

  1. #nat- (from Q nattira pres sg "despise") - DAT - VT44:8

DRAIN (vb) (a cup)

  1. *suhta- (from S sautha- "drain") - SUK - B.S.

DRINK (vb)

  1. #yul- (from Q yulmë "drinking, carousal") - P.Ti.

DRINKER (noun)

  1. *yulmo (from Q yulmë "drinking, carousal") - P.Ti.

DRUM, SMALL (noun)

  1. *rambil, *rambillë (tambourine) (from DARÁM "beat, hew") - DARÁM - B.S.

DYNASTY (noun)

  1. see FOLLOWING

E

EAGER TO GO (adj)

  1. see DESIRING TO START

ECCLESIA, THE (noun)

  1. *Hostalë (gathering) (from KHOTH "gather") - KHOTH - P.T.

ECCLESIASTIC (adj)

  1. *hostalya - KHOTH - P.T.

EDGE, SHARP (noun)

  1. lanca (not of tools) (as e.g. a cliff-edge, or the clean edge of things made by hand or built, also used in transferred senses, as in cuivië-lancassë) (sudden end) - (G)LAN - VT42:8

EIGHTH (adj)

  1. toldëa - TOL-OT - VT42:25

ELDER (adj)

  1. *anyáro (from S einior "elder") - AN, YA - B.S.

EMINENT (adj)

  1. see PROMINENT

EMOTION (noun)

  1. see IMPULSE

ENHANCE (vb)

  1. see ADD TO

ENCLOSE (vb)

  1. see BOUND

END, SUDDEN (noun)

  1. see EDGE, SHARP

ENDURE (vb)

  1. *larta- (stay2, wait, last) (from S dartha- "wait, stay, last, endure") - DAR - B.S
  2. *vor- (survive) - BOR - R.W.

ENFOLD (vb)

  1. see CLOTHE

ENLACED (adj)

  1. see NETTED

ENQUIRY (noun)

  1. minasurië (þ) - MI - VT42:17

    (syn centa "*essay")

ENTANGLED (adj) (with lines or nets)

  1. rembina - REB - VT42:12

ENTER (vb)

  1. mitta- (intr) (mitta- trans "insert" is also attested alongside with mina "into", while mitta- intr "enter" comes with mitta "in, into, inwards"; however in later Mittalmar "Inlands" mitta, not mina is used, which can mean that mina and trans mitta- were put aside) - MI - VT43:22

ENTRAP (vb)

  1. see NET2

ENTREATY (noun)

  1. see PRAYER

ERROR (vb)

  1. *mista- (stray) (from S mista- "stray, *error") - MIS - B.S.

ETERNITY (noun)

  1. *oirë (from S uir "eternity") - OY - B.S.

EVIL (noun)

  1. ulka- ULU2 - VT43:23,24
  2. úro - UG - VT43:23,24
  3. #ulco (from Q ulcullo abl "from evil") - UG, ULU2 - VT43:23,24

EXCAVATE (vb)

  1. *rosta- (hollow out) (from S rosta- "hollow out, excavate") - ROD - B.S.

EXCLUDED (adj)

  1. see PRIVATE

EXILE (noun)

  1. *etelerro (person who is exiled) (from S *edledhron < egledhron "exile") - ET, LED - B.S., H.F.

EXILED (adj)

  1. *etelenda (from S *edlenn < eglenn "exiled") - ET, LED - B.S., H.F.

EXTENSION (noun)

  1. #taima, #taina (a product of extending) (from Q ómataima, ómataina "vocalic lengthening") - TAY - VT42:31

F

FACE I (noun)

  1. *nívë (front) (from S nîf "front, face") - NIB - P.T.

FACE II (vb)

  1. *nimba- (go forward)

FACING (adj)

  1. *nimba- (confronting) - NIB - P.T.

FAITHFUL VASSAL

  1. *voron, *vorondo, pl *vorondi (steadfast, trusty man) (from ON boron "steadfast, trusty man, faithful vassal") - BOR - P.T.

FASHION (vb)

  1. *eccat- (from **ehtat- " fashion" by P.T., from S echedi "fashion, make") - ET, KAT - B.S.

FEEL (vb)

  1. tenya- (from QL) - H.F.

FEELING (noun)

  1. tendilë (sentiment) (from QL) - H.F.

FENCE, OUTER, ENCIRCLING (noun)

  1. *ettelë (from S ephel "outer fence, encircling fence") - ET, PEL(ES) - B.S.

FIFTH (adj)

  1. lempëa - LEPEN, LEMEN - VT42:25

FIND A WAY (vb)

  1. *rata- (make a way) (from S rada- "make a way, find a way) - RAT - B.S.

FINGER (noun)

  1. leper, pl. leperi - LEP - VT44:16

    (for "finger" Etym has lepsë)

FINITE (adj)

  1. see BOUNDS, WITHIN

FIRM (adj)

  1. *talya (stalwart, steady) (from S thala "stalwart, steady, firm") - STÁLAG - B.S.

    (syn tulca "strong, immovable, steadfast", tulunca "steady", sanda "true, abiding", tanca "fixed, sure")

FIT, MAKE FIT (vb)

  1. see ACCOMODATE

FLOOD (vb)

  1. oloiya- (inundate) - LOG - VT42:10

FLOOD, GREAT (noun)

  1. oloirë - LOG - VT42:10

FLOWER (noun)

  1. lotsë (small single) - LOT(H) - VT42:18

FLOWER GARDEN (noun)

  1. *lotarwa (from QL; probably obsolete in later Quenya because tar "fence" seems to be obsolete, too) - LOT(H) - L.S.
FLY (vb)
  1. ramya- (sail, wander) (from PE *ramya-, S *renio < rhenio "fly, sail; wander") - RAM - B.S.
  2. #ruc- (to fly to)(take refuge with) (from Q rucimme 1st pers excl pl aorist "we fly") - RUCU - VT44:7

    (syn #wil- "fly", #cir- "sail", ranya- "*wander")

FOLLOW (vb)

  1. *veuya- (serve) (from PE *beuyá- "follow, serve") - BEW - P.T.

    (syn hilya-)

FOLLOWER (noun)

  1. *veuro (vassal) (from PE *beuró "follower, vassal")- BEW - P.T.

    (syn neuro, #hildo)

FOLLOWING (noun) (as an action)

  1. *hilyalë (succession, dynasty) (from KHIL "follow") - KHIL - P.T.
  2. *hilmë (as an act) (from KHIL "follow") - KHIL - P.T.

FOOD, LIQUID (noun)

  1. see BROTH

FOOTSTOOL

  1. *sarassë (hassock) (from S tharas "hassock, footstool") - STAR - B.S.

FOR (prep)

  1. #rá (in intercessionary sense) (on behalf) (from Q rámen "for us") - ARA - VT43:33

FORCE (noun)

  1. see TEMPTATION

FORCE (vb) (in a given direction, physically and morally)

  1. nir- (press, thrust) - NID - VT41:17

FOREBODE (vb)

  1. *apaquet- (cf. Q #apacenya " *of foresight", *apacen "foresight") - KWET - R.D.

FORESTER (noun)

  1. *tauron, pl *taurondi (from S tauron "forester") - TÁWAR - B.S.

FORGIVE (vb)

  1. #avatyara- (lit. "do away with") (from avatyara, ávatyara imp "forgive!")- AWA, KYAR - VT43:18
  2. apsene- (lit. "let go, send away") - AB, SEN - VT43:19

FORLORN (adj)

  1. see DEPRIVED OF

FORSAKE (vb)

  1. see ABANDON

FORT (noun)

  1. see CITY

FOURTH (adj)

  1. cantëa "fourth" - KÁNAT - VT42:25

FOXY (adj)

  1. ruscu-, pl rusqui, ruscuitë - RUS - VT49

FROG (noun)

  1. *carpo (from S cabr, cabor "frog") - KAP - E.N.
FRONT (noun)
  1. see FACE I

FULL (adj)

  1. penquanta (to the brim, with mouth full) - PEG, KWA - VT39

FULLNESS (noun)

  1. *quantassë (from KWAT " #full") - KWA - P.T.

FUR, FUR-COAT (noun)

  1. *helet, pl *heletsi (from S heleth "fur, fur-coat") - SKEL - B.S.

FUTURE (noun)

  1. *apamë (from Q #apa "after) - LU - H.F.
  2. *apalúmë (from Q #apa "after) - LU - H.F.

G

GARMENT (noun)

  1. see CLOTHING

GATEWAY (noun)

  1. see DOORWAY

GATHERING (noun)

  1. see ECCLESIA

GET (vb)

  1. *net-, p.t. *nentë (from QL) - H.F.

GIVE GREETINGS (vb)

  1. see GREET

GLOOM (noun)

  1. *nimbë (sadness) - *DIM - N.K.

GLORIFY (vb)

  1. *alcarya- (from S #egleria- "glorify, praise", eglerio imp "glorify!, praise!") - AKLA-R - B.S.

GNAW (vb)

  1. *nyanda- - NYAD - P.T.

GO INTO EXILE (vb)

  1. *etelelya (from S edledhia- "go into exile") - ET, LED - B.S.

GO FORWARD (vb)

  1. see FACE II

GORGE (noun) (deep)

  1. *capië (from S cabed "leap, deep gorge") - KAP - B.S.

GRACE (noun)

  1. #Erulisse (from Erulissenen ins "with grace")- ERE, LISI - VT43:28
  2. #Eruanna (from Eruanno gen "of grace") - ERE, ANA1 - VT43:29

GRACIOUS (adj)

  1. see SMILING

GRAVE (noun)

  1. see TOMB

GREET (vb)

  1. *suila- (from S #suila- "greet", suilannad ger "greeting") - B.S.
  2. *suilanta- (give greetings) (from S #suilanna- "greet, give greetings", suilannad ger "greeting") - B.S.

GREETING (noun)

  1. *suilië (from S suilad "greeting") - H.F.

GROW (vb)

  1. *lauya- (from S loa "growth") - D.S.

H

HACK THROUGH (vb)

  1. *hyasta- (from S #hasta- "hack through", hasto inf "to hack through") - SJAD - B.S.

HAIR RINGLET (noun)

  1. *locco (from S *loch < lhoch "ringlet") - LOKH - B.S.

HALLOW (vb)

  1. airita- - GAYA - VT32:7

HANDLE (vb)

  1. *manga- - MAG - P.Ti.

HARASS (vb)

  1. see TROUBLE II

HARD (adj)

  1. sarda - SAR - VT39
  2. see DENCE

HARP I (noun)

  1. tanta - VT41:10
  2. tantila - VT41:10
HARP II (vb)
  1. tanta- - VT41:10

HARVEST (noun)

  1. cermië (from S certh, Q certa "rune", attested in Q Cermië "June") - P.T.

HASSOCK (noun)

  1. see FOOTSTOOL

HAVE, I (vb)

  1. *inyen(na) ná, inyenna ëa (lit. "is [added] to me") - D.K.
  2. *ëa nin (lit. "for me is") - B.W.

HAVE MERCY (vb)

  1. ocama, ócama - WÔ, KAM - VT44:13
  2. órava - WÔ, DAB - VT44:14

HAVEN (noun)

  1. *ciryapanda (from S *círbann< cirban "haven") - KIR, PAD - B.S.

HAVE SOME END IN VIEW (vb)

  1. see DESIRE TO GO IN SOME DIRECTION

HAVING MANY FLOWERS (adj) lilótëa - LI, LOT(H) - VT42:18

HE (pron)

  1. *së (she) - S - R.D.

HEAD OR PELT OF RED HAIR (noun)

  1. russë- - RUS - VT41:10

HEAVE (vb)

  1. see WAVE II

HEAVEN (noun) (as the abode of God)

  1. Eruman (obsoleting other geographical meanings in LT1 etc) - ERE, MAN - VT43:16

HEM (noun)

  1. lanë, lani- - (G)LAN - VT42:8
HERO (noun)
  1. see DAUNTLESS MAN

HEW WITH A SWORD (vb)

  1. #maca- (Q aorist macë is attested) - MAK - VT39

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT (noun)

  1. quentasta (any particular arrangement (by some author) of a series of records or evidences into a given historical account) - KWET - VT39

HOLD (vb)

  1. *hep- (keep) (from S ú-chebin "have not kept", KHEP "retain, keep, do not give away or release, keep hold of" VT41:6) - KHEP - A.B.
HOLLOW OUT (vb)
  1. see EXCAVATE

HOLY SONG (noun)

  1. *airelinna (hymn) (from S aerlinn "holy song, hymn") - AYAN, GLIN - B.S.

HOLY SPIRIT, THE (noun)

  1. Aina Fairë - AYAN, PHAY - VT44:17
  2. #fairë aista (from Q fairë aistan dat "to the Holy Spirit") - PHAY, GÁYAS - VT43:37
  3. #airefëa (from Q airefëan dat "to the Holy Spirit") - GAYA, PHAY - VT43:37

HOMELESS (adj)

  1. *avamarwa - AWA, MBAR - G.R., B.S.

HONOUR (vb) (especially by gift)

  1. see ADD TO

HOPE (noun)

  1. *amatírë (based on reason; lit. "looking up") (from S amdir "an expectation of good, which though uncertain has some foundation in what is known") - AM, TIR - B.S.

HORN (noun)

  1. *ramna (wing) (extended point at side) (from S *rafn < rhafn "wing (horn) extended point at side") - RAM - B.S.

HUNGRY (adj)

  1. maita- MAT - VT39

HUNT (vb)

  1. *fara- (from S fara- "hunt") - SPAR - B.S.

    (syn roita- "pursue")

HYMN (noun)

  1. see HOLY SONG

I

IF (conj)

  1. #ai (from Q aiquen "if anyone, whoever") - FS

IMPEDED (adj)

  1. tapta- TAP - VT39

IMPEL (vb)

  1. or- (urge) (usage note: imp ore nin + inf "I feel an urge/wish/desire to do smth") - OR - VT41:11

IMPETUOUS (adj)

  1. see VIOLENT
  2. see RUSHING

IMPOSSIBLE THING (noun) (to be or to be done)

  1. únat- UGU, UMU, NÂ2 - VT39

IMPULSE (noun)

  1. felmë (emotion) - *FEL - VT41:19
  2. hroafelmë (body-impulse; physical impulses provided by body for its preservation) - *FEL - VT41:19
  3. fëafelmë (spirit-impulse) - *FEL - VT41:19

IN (prep)

  1. mitta (into, inwards) - MI - VT43:22

    (syn minna "to the inside, into")

INACTION (noun)
  1. lakarë (not-doing) (general) - KAR - VT42:33

INADEQUATE (adj)

  1. penya (lacking) - PEN - VT39

INCREASE (vb)

  1. see ADD TO

INDICATES (vb)

  1. tëa, pa.t. tengë (Etym has Q tëa 'straight line, road') - TEÑ - VT39

INDUCE (vb)

  1. sahta (þ) - *THAK - VT43:23

INDUCEMENT TO DO WRONG (noun)

  1. see TEMPTATION

INEVITABILITY (noun)

  1. see NECESSITY

INSPIRE (vb)

  1. *mihwesta- - MI, SWES - K.MT.

INSULT (vb)

  1. see PRICK

INTEND (vb)

  1. see WILL II

INTO (prep)

  1. see IN

INUNDATE (vb)

  1. see FLOOD

INWARDS (adv)

  1. see IN

ISLANDER (noun)

  1. *tolloquen - TOL, KWEN - P.T.

J

JESUS (proper name)

  1. Yésus (transliteration) - VT43:31

    (replacing reconstructed **Yésu, **Yesso, **Yesa, **Yéru, **Ieruva)

JUDGE (vb)

  1. #nam- (deem) (from Q aorist namin "I judge") NAM - VT41:18
  2. #nav- (from Q aorist nemë > hamë > navë "judge") - NDAB - VT42:33

JUDGEMENT (noun)

  1. see DESIRE

JOURNEY (noun)

  1. *lendë (from S lenn-mbas "journey-bread") (homonymous with lendë pa.t. of lelya- "go, proceed (in any direction), travel") - LED, MBAS - D.W.

K

KEEP (vb)

  1. see HOLD

KINGDOM (noun)

  1. #turinasta, #túrinasta (from turinastalya, túrinastalya 1st pers sg "thy kingdom") - TUR - VT43:15
  2. #turindië, #túrindië (from turindielya, túrindielya1st pers sg "thy kingdom") - TUR - VT43:15
  3. #aranië (from aranielya 1st pers sg "thy kingdom") - 3AR - VT43:15

KITCHEN (noun)

  1. *mastasan - MBAS - D.W.

KNEAD (vb)

  1. *maxata-, maskata- - MASAG - P.Ti., E.N.

KNOW HOW (vb)

  1. see ABLE, BE

L

LABOUR (noun)

  1. *tarassë (task) (from S tars, tass "labour, task") - TARAS - P.T.

    (syn móta "toil")

LACE (noun)
  1. see NETWORK

LACKING (adj)

  1. see INADEQUATE

LAMENTING (adj)

  1. see SAD

LAST (vb)

  1. see ENDURE

LEAD (vb)

  1. mittanya (into) - MI - VT43:22
  2. tulya- - TUL - VT43:22

LEAN (adj)

  1. *linya (thin, meagre) (from PE *slinyá, S *lhain < thlein "lean, thin, meagre") - SLIN - B.S.

LEAN AGAINST (vb)

  1. *nirya- - NID - P.T.

LEAP (vb)

  1. *cap- (from S cabed "leap, deep gorge") - KAP - B.S.

    (syn halta-)

LEARN (vb)

  1. *nolya- - ÑGOL - T.F., H.F.

LENITION (noun) (of vowels)

  1. see AFFECTION

LENITED (adj) (of a mutated vowel)

  1. see AFFECTED

LET IT BE (vb)

  1. na, ná (imp or subj when in preceding position) - NA2 - VT43:14

    (syn nai, á)

LET GO (vb)
  1. lerya- (release, set free) - LER - VT41:5
  2. *lehtya- (from S leithia- "release, set free") - LEK - B.S.

LEVEL SPACE (noun)

  1. see SWARD

LIBRARY (noun)

  1. *parmassë - PAR - D.S.

LIBRARIAN (noun)

  1. *parmasson, pl *parmassondi - PAR - D.S.

LIFE (noun)

  1. cuivië - KUY - VT42:8

    (syn cuilë "being alive")

LIKEHOOD (noun)

  1. *óvëassë (cf. QL sovëassë "resemblance - likehood", so- "grouped, together") - WÓ - B.S.

LIMIT (noun)

  1. see BOUNDARY, BOUNDARY LINE

LIMIT (vb)

  1. see APPROPRIATE

LIMITED (adj)

  1. see BOUNDS, WITHIN

LIP (noun)

  1. sg pé, dual peu (mouth opening) - PEG - VT39

LONG-LIVED (adj)

  1. see AGED

LOOK FOR (vb)

  1. *sac- (pursue, search) (from QL saca-) (VT43:23 has the root saka- "draw, pull") - H.F.

LOVING (adj)

  1. see AFFECTIONATE

M

MAKE A WAY (noun)

  1. see FIND A WAY

MAKE DISTANT, REMOTE (vb)

  1. see DISTANCE II

MAKE FOR A PLACE (vb)

  1. see DESIRE TO GO IN SOME DIRECTION

MAKE NETWORK OR LACE (vb)

  1. rëa- - RAY - VT42:12
  2. raita- - RAY - VT42:12

MANTLE (vb)

  1. see VEIL II

MARIA (proper name)

  1. María (transliteration) - VT43:28

    (replacing reconstructed **Márië, **Maria, **Marya)

MARK (noun)

  1. #talca (post) (from Q lantalca "boundary post or mark") - TAK - VT42:28

MARK OFF (vb)

  1. see APPROPRIATE

MARK THE LIMIT OF (vb)

  1. see BOUND

MAYBE (adv)

  1. see PERHAPS

MEAGRE (adj)

  1. see LEAN

MEAN (vb)

  1. see WILL II

MEET (vb)

  1. *ovanta- (from S #govad- " meet", govannen p.p. "met")- WÔ, BAT - B.S.

    (syn #omenta- "junction of the direction of two persons or groups", #yomen- "of three or more coming from different directions")

MENTAL MESSAGE (noun)
  1. see THOUGHT-SENDING

MIND (noun)

  1. sanar ("thinker") (for "mind" VT39 has Q sáma) - *SAN - VT41:13
  2. indo (mind in its purposing faculty)(resolve, will) - NID - VT41:17

MIDDLE (adj)

  1. see CENTRAL

MOTHER (noun)

  1. #amillë (from Q Eruamillë "Mother of God") - AM1 - VT44:7
  2. #ontari, #ontaril (fembegetter) (from Q Eruontari, Eruo ontaril "Mother of God") - ONO - VT43:32, VT44:7

    (syn amil, ammë)

MOTHER OF GOD (proper name)

  1. Eruamillë - ERE, AM1 - VT44:7
  2. Eruo ontaril - ERE, ONO - VT43:32
  3. Eruontarië - ERE, ONO - VT44:18
  4. Eruontari - ERE, ONO - VT44:7

    (replacing reconstructed **Eruammë, **Amil Eruvo)

MOUTH (noun)

  1. náva- ÑGAW - VT39

    (syn anto, pé, assa "hole, opening, perforation")

MOUTH OPENING (noun)

  1. see LIP

N

NECESSITY (noun)

  1. #sangië (inevitability; urgency) (from Q sangiessemman [sic!] 1st pers excl pl loc "in our necessities") - STAG, *THAG - VT44:8

NET1 (noun) (hunter's or fisher's one)

  1. raima - RAY - VT42:11
  2. rembë - RAY - VT42:11
NET2 (vb) (with lines or nets)
  1. remba- (entrap, *entangle, *snare, *trap) - REB - VT42:11
NETTED (adj)
  1. raina (enlaced) - RAY - VT42:11

NETWORK (noun)

  1. raimë (lace) - RAY - VT42:28
NEWS (noun)pl
  1. *vinyar - C.H.
  2. *sinyar (from S siniath "news, tidings") - SI - B.S.

*NEXT TO (prep)

  1. nó (*after) (of time) (from Q Nótuilë "May, *Next-Spring") (MS has nó prep "before", VT41:13 has nó "but"; - see BEFORE, BUT) - NÓ - PM:135
  2. apa (touching, against, on, *close to, *beside, *after) (of place) (WJ:387 has Q Apanónar "the After-born" and CE ap-pata "walk behind, on a track or path"; quite possibly connected with (A)PA "touch" and share a common meaning "touching, against, next, after") - (A)PA - VT44:26

NINTH (adj)

  1. nertëa - NET-ER - VT42:25

NOT COMMON (adj)

  1. see PRIVATE

NOT COUNTED (adj)

  1. unotë, únótëa (uncounted) - UGU, UMU, NOT - VT39

NOT-DOING (noun)

  1. see INACTION

NOT GUARDED (adj)

  1. lerina (not made fast, not reserved, not "owned") (of things) - LER - VT41:5

NOT MADE FAST (adj)

  1. see CLOSED

NOT OPEN (adj)

  1. see CLOSED

NOT "OWNED" (adj)

  1. see NOT GUARDED

NOT RESERVED (adj)

  1. see NOT GUARDED

NOVEL TALE (noun)

  1. *sinyarna (from S sinnarn "novel tale") - SI, NAR2 - B.S.
  2. *vinyarna (from S sinnarn "novel tale", Q vinya "new") - NAR2 - B.S.

NUMERAL (noun)

  1. *notessë - NOT - R.D.

O

OBSTINATE (adj)

  1. *taryalanca (stiff-necked) (from S tarlanc "stiff-necked, obstinate") - TÁRAG, LANK - B.S.

OIL

OMNIFICENT (adj)

  1. ilukara- IL(U), KAR - VT39

OMNIPOTENT (adj)

  1. ilúvala- IL(U), BAL - VT39

OMNISCIENT (adj)

  1. iluisa- IL(U), IS - VT39

ON (prep)

  1. apa (touching, against, *close to, *beside, *next to, *after) (WJ:387 has Q Apanónar "the After-born" and CE ap-pata "walk behind, on a track or path"; quite possibly connected with (A)PA "touch" and share a common meaning "touching, against, next, after") - (A)PA - VT44:26
  2. pa, pá (touching, as regards, concerning) - (A)PA - VT44:26

    (syn: sg. -nna, pl. -nnar, dual -nta all "upon")

ON BEHALF (adv)

  1. see FOR

ONE (indefinite pers pron)

  1. mo (somebody) - VT42:34

ONE WHO REMAINS FIRM IN HIS PURPOSE (noun)

  1. *selion, pl *seliondi (from S #thelion "one who remains firm in his purpose") - *STEL - B.S.

OPEN I (adj)

  1. láta - LAT - VT39

OPEN II (vb)

  1. latya- (allow entry) - LAT - VT39

OPENING (noun)

  1. latya - LAT - VT39

OPENNESS (noun)

  1. látië - LAT - VT39

OPPOSED TO (prep)

  1. see AGAINST

OPPOSITE (prep)

  1. see AGAINST

OPPRESSION (noun)

  1. *sangarë (from Q insangarenna all "into temptation", sanga "crowd, throng, press") - STAG, *THAG - VT43:22

OR (conj)

  1. var (from QL)- H.F.

    (obsoleting reconstructed *ecar from S egor "or")

OVER (adj)

  1. *terwa (passed, past) (cf. QL penwa "over, passed, past", pen "through") - TER - B.S.

    (syn vanwa "past and over, departed, lost, vanished, dead, no longer to be had")

P

PACK TIGHT (vb)

  1. see COMPRESS

PASTURE I (noun)

  1. *narassë - NAD - B.S.

    (syn nanda "watered plain")

PASTURE II (vb)
  1. *narasta- (from S nadhras "pasture") - NAD - B.S.

PATH, PATHWAY (noun)

  1. *rata (from S rád "path, track") - RAT - B.S.
  2. *vata (track, beaten) (from ON bata "beaten track, pathway") - BAT - B.S.

    (syn tië "course, line, direction, way, road", #vanda "road, way, path")

PATRONAGE (noun)
  1. #ortírië (defence, protection) (lit. "a watching over (from above")) (from Q ortírielyanna2nd pers sg all "to thy patronage") - ORO, TIR - VT44:7

PEACE (noun)

  1. sívë - SIB - VT44:35
  2. rainë - VT44:35

PERHAPS (adv)

  1. cé (*maybe) (indicates uncertainty) - VT42:34
  2. quí (*maybe) (indicates uncertainty) - VT42:34
  3. quíta (this form is possibly a verb expressing uncertainty about a subject) - VT42:34

PERMISSION (noun)

  1. *lávë (from S dÁf "permission") - DAB - P.T.

PETITION (noun)

  1. see PRAYER

PHONETICS (noun) sg

  1. lambelë (language, in particular consideration of its phonetic aspects) - LAB - VT39

*PICK (UP, OUT) WITH THE FINGERS (vb)

  1. lepta- (SD has #lepta "fingered" from raccalepta "clawfingered") - LEP - VT44:16

PINE-TREE (noun)

  1. *sónë, *sondë, pl *sondi (from Ilk thôn "pine-tree") - THÔN - P.T.

PLEASE (part)

  1. iquista (from QL iqista "please")

POET (noun)

  1. *lairemo - GLIR - P.Ti.

POST (noun)

  1. see MARK

POUT (vb)

  1. penga- - PEG - VT39

PRAY (vb)

  1. arca- - VT43:33
  2. #hyama- (from aorist hyamë "pray") - YAMA - VT43:33

PRAYER (vb)

  1. #arcandá (petition, entreaty) (from Q arcandemmar 1st pers excl pl "our petitions") - VT44:8

    (syn #kyerme)

PRESS (vb)

  1. see FORCE
  2. see COMPRESS

PRESSURE (noun)

  1. see TEMPTATION

PRICK (vb) (with a sharp point)

  1. *ehta- (stab; treat with scorn, insult - often with reference to rejection or dismissal) (from PE ektá "prick with a sharp point, stab"; blended with PE hektá "treat with scorn, insult") - EK, *HEK - B.S.

    (syn erca-, nasta- "sting")

PRIVACY (noun)
  1. see CLOSENESS

PRIVATE (adj)

  1. satya (separate, not common, excluded) - SAT - VT42:20
  2. see CLOSED
PROMINENT (adj)
  1. eteminya - MIN - VT42:24

    (syn minda "conspicuous", minya "eminent")

PROTECTION (noun)

  1. see PATRONAGE

PURPOSE (vb)

  1. see WILL II

PURSUE (vb)

  1. see LOOK FOR

PUT TO SHAME (vb)

  1. naitya- (from QL nam- "judge, deem") - VT41

Q

QUADRANGLE (noun)

  1. *cantil, pl *cantildi (from Q canta, can- "four", tildë "point", cf. Q neltil "triangle") - KÁNAT, TIL - P.T.

QUADRANGULAR (adj)

  1. *cantilya (from Q canta, can- "four", tildë "point", cf. Q neltil "triangle") - KÁNAT, TIL - P.T.

QUESTION (noun)

  1. *maquetta (from Q maquentë pa.t. "asked") - MA, KWET - D.W.

R

RANSOM (noun)

  1. *nanwenda (from S danwedh "ransom") - NDAN, WED - B.S.

RAVINE (noun)

  1. *rissë (from S *riss < rhess "ravine") - RIS - B.S.

READ (vb)

  1. see WATCH

REAP (vb)

  1. *cer- (from Q cermië "harvest") - P.T.

REAPING (noun)

  1. *cermë (from Q cermië "harvest") - P.T.

REAR UP (vb)

  1. see STAND

REASON (noun)

  1. *tyarwë (from Q tyar- "cause") - KYAR - D.W.

REDEEMER (noun)

  1. #runando (from Q Mardorunando "Redeemer of the world") - VT44:17

REDEEMER OF THE WORLD (proper name)

  1. Mardorunando - VT44:17

RED-HAIRED (adj)

  1. russa- RUS - VT41:10

REGARDS, AS (prep)

  1. see ON

REGULATIONS (noun) sg.

  1. *namnasta (from Q namna "statute") - P.T.

RELEASE (vb)

  1. see LET GO

REMOVAL (noun)

  1. see DISTANCING

RESEMBLANCE (noun)

  1. see LIKEHOOD

RESOLVE (noun)

  1. see WILL I

RESOLVE (vb)

  1. see WILL II

RIDE (vb)

  1. *rohta- (from Q rocco "horse") - T.F.

RIDGEPOLE (noun)

  1. *orpano (cf. Q ormë "crest, summit") - ORO, PAN - B.S.

RISE (vb)

  1. see STAND

RIVER-BED (noun)

  1. see COURSE

ROBE (vb)

  1. vaimata- - VAY - PE12:100

RUSHING (adj)

  1. *ascara (violent, impetuous) (from S *asgar< ascar "violent, rushing, impetuous) - SKAR - B.S.

    (syn rimpa "flying", arauca "swift")

S

SAD (adj)

  1. *lemba (replacing older **nimda) - *DIM - T.D.
  2. *nainala (lamenting) (from Q naina- "lament") - NAY - T.D.

SADNESS (noun)

  1. see GLOOM

SAIL (vb)

  1. see FLY

SAINT (noun)

  1. aimo (m)- GAYA - PE12:34
  2. *aimë (fem) (from Q aimo m "saint") - GAYA - PE12:34

SAPLING (noun)

  1. *nessornë - NETH, ÓR-NI - P.Ti., A.B.

SCRATCH (vb)

  1. *ríp- (from S *rhibi < thribi "scratch") - SRIP - B.S., P.T.

SCRATCH (noun)

  1. *rimpë (from S *rhibi < thribi "scratch") - SRIP - B.S., P.T.

SCRIBE (noun)

  1. *tecindo (writer) - TEK - M.B.
  2. *tengwo (writer) - TEK - E.N.

SEARCH (vb)

  1. see LOOK FOR

SEAT (noun)

  1. *hamba (from KHAM "sit") (UT has Q hárar pres pl "are sitting") - KHAM - T.D.

SECOND (adj)

  1. attëa (archaic tatya) - AT(AT) - VT42:25

    (syn neuna)

SEEKING (noun)

  1. #surië (þ) (from Q minasurië "enquiry") - C.H.

SEEM (vb)

  1. *séya (from S thio "seem") - THE - H.F.

SEND (vb)

  1. see CAUSE TO GO

SENTIMENT (noun)

  1. see FEELING

SEPARATE (adj)

  1. see PRIVATE

SEPARATE FROM (vb)

  1. see BOUND

SERVE (vb)

  1. see FOLLOW

SET ASIDE (vb)

  1. see APPROPRIATE

SET FREE (vb)

  1. see LET GO

SEVENTH (adj)

  1. otsëa - OT-OS - VT42:25

SHAPE, DIM (noun)

  1. see APPARITION

SHARPEN (vb)

  1. *laiceta- - LAIK - P.Ti.

SHE (pron)

  1. *së (he) - S - R.D.

SHUT (adj)

  1. see CLOSED

SIN (noun)

  1. see DEBT

SINGLE (adj)

  1. see ALONE

SIXTH (adj)

  1. enquëa - EN-EK(W) - VT42:25

SMILING (adj)

  1. raina (gracious, sweet-faced) (VT42:11 has raina "enlaced, netted") - VT44:35

SNARE I (noun)

  1. remma- - REM - VT42:12
SNARE II (vb) (with lines or nets)
  1. see NET2

SNOW-WHITE (adj)

  1. lossëa - GOLÓS - VT42:18

SO (adv)

  1. san (cf. AS) - S - VT43:17
  2. sië (thus) - SI - VT43:24

    (obsoleting reconstructed **sivë, sinavë)

SOFT (adj)

  1. mussë- VT39

SOMEBODY (indefinite pers pron)

  1. see ONE

SOMETHING (neuter pers pron)

  1. ma (a thing) - VT42:34

SON OF GOD (proper name)

  1. Eruion - ERE, YON - VT44:16

SOUP (noun)

  1. see BROTH

SOURCE, SPRING (noun)

  1. *celwë (from S celu "spring, source) - KEL - B.S.

    (syn ehtelë "fountain, issue of water", capalinda "spring of water")

SPLINTER (noun)
  1. *sacillë (from STAK "split") - STAK - B.S.

SPY (noun)

  1. *ettirno (from S ethir "spy") - ET, TIR - B.S.

STAB (vb)

  1. see PRICK

STAFF (noun)

  1. *vandil (from QL vandl "staff") - H.F.

STALWART (adj)

  1. *talya (steady, firm) (from S thala "stalwart, steady, firm") - STÁLAG - B.S.

STAND (vb)

  1. *tyul- (intr) (from TYUL "stand up (straight)") - TYUL - A.G.C.
  2. *tyulya- (intr) (rise) (from TYUL "stand up (straight)") - TYUL - A.G.C.
  3. *tyulta- (trans) (rear up, stick up) (from QL tyulta- "rear up, stick up") - TYUL - H.F.

STAR DOME (where the stars are)

  1. *elirë - EL - V.M.
  2. *nillirë (cf. fanyarë "upper airs and clouds, skies") - V.M.

STATE OF MIND (noun)

  1. indo (Etym has Q indo "heart, mood", MR:216 has Q indo "mind", VT41:17 has Q indo "resolve, mind in its purposing faculty, will") - ID - VT39

STAY1 (vb)

  1. *norta- (from S dortha- "dwell, stay") - NDOR - H.F.

STAY2 (vb)

  1. see ENDURE

STEADFAST MAN (noun)

  1. see FAITHFUL VASSAL

STEADY (adj)

  1. *talya (stalwart, firm) (from S thala "stalwart, steady, firm") - STÁLAG - B.S.

    (syn tulunca "firm")

STIFF-NECKED (noun)

  1. see OBSTINATE

STIFFNESS (noun)

  1. see DIFFICULTY

STICK UP (vb)

  1. see STAND

STRAY (vb)

  1. see ERROR

STRAY (adj)

  1. *mistana (from S mista- "stray, *error") - MIS - B.S.

STRENGTHEN (vb)

  1. #antorya- (from Q antoryamë "strengthening")
STRENGTHENING (noun)
  1. antoryamë - TURU - VT39

STRIDE (vb)

  1. #telconta- (from Q telcontar "strider") - E.K.

STRIPPED (adj)

  1. see DEPRIVED

STUDY(vb)

  1. *cenya- - KEN - E.N.

SUCCESSION (noun)

  1. see FOLLOWING

*SUIT (vb)

  1. see ACCOMODATE

SUPERIOR (adj)

  1. *orohalla (from ON orkhalla "superior") - ORO, KHAL2 - P.T.

SURGE (UP AND DOWN) (vb)

  1. see WAVE II

SURVIVE (vb)

  1. see ENDURE

SWARD (noun)

  1. *paswa (level space) (from S *pathu < pathw "level space, sward") - PATH - B.S.

    (syn palis "lawn")

SWEET-FACED (adj)

  1. see SMILING

SYMPATHY (noun)

  1. see COMPASSION

T

TABLE (noun)

  1. *paluhta (from QL palukta "table") - H.F.

TAKE REFUGE WITH (vb)

  1. see FLY

TAMBOURINE (noun)

  1. see DRUM, SMALL

TASK (noun)

  1. see LABOUR

TEACH (vb)

  1. *saita- - SAY - H.F.

TEMPTATION (noun)

  1. #terpellië (from terpellienna all "into temptation") - TER, PEL(ES) - VT43:22
  2. #insangarë (from insangarenna all "into temptation) - IN(ID), STAG, *THAG - VT43:22
  3. sahtië (þ) (pressure, force) (to do something against one's will or conscience) - STAG, *THAG- VT43:22
  4. úsahtië (inducement to do wrong) (þ) - *THAKA - VT43:23

TENTH (adj)

  1. quainëa - KWAYA, KWAY-AM - VT42:25
TERRIBLE CREATURE
  1. rauco (very) - RUK - VT39

THAT (conj)

  1. sá- S - MS

THICK (adj)

  1. see DENCE

THIN (adj)

  1. see LEAN

THING, A (neuter pers pron)

  1. see SOMETHING

THING (noun)

  1. engwë - VT39
  2. (for exchange) see ARTICLE

THINK (vb)

  1. #sana- (from Q sanar "mind, "thinker"") - *SAN - VT41:16

    (obsoleting reconstructed **nauta-)

THIRD (adj)
  1. neldëa - NEL-ED - VT42:25
  2. nelya - NEL - VT42:25

THIRSTY (adj)

  1. soica - SOK - VT39

THITHER (adv)

  1. tanna (for "thither" Etym has Q tar) - TA - VT27

THOUGHT (noun)

  1. sanwë (the act or a product of thinking) - SAM - VT39

THOUGHT-INSPECTION, THOUGHT-READING (noun)

  1. sanwecenda - SAM, KEN - VT41:5

THOUGHT-SENDING (noun)

  1. sanwë-menta (mental message) - SAM, MEN - VT41:5

THRONG (vb)

  1. see COMPRESS

THRUST (vb)

  1. see FORCE

THUS (adv)

  1. sië - SI - VT43:24

TIDE (noun)

  1. sóla - SOL - PE12:85

TIGHT (adj)

  1. see DENCE

TOBACCO-PIPE (noun)

  1. see CIGARETTE

TODAY (noun)

  1. *sinarë, *sinaurë - SI, AR- T.F.

TOMB (noun)

  1. #noirë (from Q Noirenan "Valley of Tombs") - H.F.
  2. *sarca (grave) (from OS sarch "grave") - B.S.

TOMORROW (noun)

  1. *entarë, *entaurë - TELES, AR - T.F.

TOUCH (vb)

  1. #apa- (figuratively) (affect, concern) (from aorist apë) - (A)PA - VT44:26
  2. appa- (literally, of the contact of surfaces) - (A)PA - VT44:26

TOUCHING (prep)

  1. see ON

TOUGH (adj)

  1. see DENCE

TOUGHNESS (noun)

  1. see DIFFICULTY

TRACK (noun)

  1. see PATH, PATHWAY

TRAMPLE (vb)

  1. *vatta- (from S #batha- " *trample", batho inf "to trample") - BAT - B.S.

TRAP (vb) (with lines or nets)

  1. see NET2

TRAVERSE (vb)

  1. *tervanta- (from S trevad- "traverse") - TER, BAT - B.S.

TREAT WITH SCORN (vb)

  1. see PRICK

TRESPASS (noun)

  1. see DEBT

TRESSURE (noun)

  1. carrëa (net for confining the hair) - KAS, RAY - VT42:12

TRINITY (noun)

  1. Neldië - NEL - VT44:17

TROLL (noun)

  1. *torco (from S torog "troll") - *TURUK - H.F.

TROUBLE I (noun)

  1. *tarsa (from ON tarsa "trouble) - TARAS - P.T.

TROUBLE II (vb)

  1. *tarsa- (harass) (from S trasta "harass, trouble") - TARAS - P.T.
  2. *tarasta- (harass) (from S trasta "harass, trouble") - TARAS - P.T.

TRUSTY MAN (noun)

  1. see FAITHFUL VASSAL

TURRET (noun)

  1. mindë - MINI - VT42:24

TWELFTH (adj)

  1. *yunquë - YUNUK(W) - C.H.

U

UNCOUNTED (adj)

  1. see NOT COUNTED

UNICORN (noun)

  1. *eretildo (from ERE "be alone", TIL "point, horn") - ERE, TIL - P.T.

UNITE (vb)

  1. *erta- (from S aderthad "re-uniting") - ERE - D.S.

UNTIL (adv)

  1. see BEFORE

UNWILL (noun)

  1. avanir- ABA, NIR - VT39

UNWISE (adj)

  1. alasaila- SAY - VT41:13

URGE (vb)

  1. see IMPEL

URGENCY (noun)

  1. see NECESSITY

USE (vb)

  1. *yuhta- (from S iuitha- "use, employ") - YUK - H.F.

USEFULLNESS (noun)

  1. *yungwë (from S iuitha- "use, employ") - YUK - P.T.

USED (adj)

  1. *yunca (from S iuitha- "use, employ") - YUK - P.T.

V

VALOUR (noun)

  1. #astal (from (A)STAL Q Astaldo "Valiant One") - STÁLAG - D.S.

VASSAL (noun)

  1. see FOLLOWER

VAST (adj)

  1. taura (of unmeasured might or size) - TUR - VT39

VEIL I (noun)

  1. vasar (þ) (archaic waþar) (the word was not in daily use) - WATH, WATHAR - VT42:10

VEIL II (vb)

  1. vasarya- (þ) - WATH, WATHAR - VT42:10
  2. fanta- (cloak, mantle) - PHAN - VT43:22

VENGEANCE (noun)

  1. *atacarmë (lit. "reaction") (from S acharn "vengeance") - AT, KAR - A.B.

VERDIGRIS (noun)

  1. lairus(t)- RUS - VT41:10

VICTORY (noun)

  1. *nangwë (PE *ndakmë, from Q #ndacil "victor", Hyarmendacil "South-victor") - NDAK - R.D.

VIOLENT (adj)

  1. *ascara (rushing, impetuous) (from S *asgar< ascar "violent, rushing, impetuous) - SKAR - B.S.

    (syn naraca "harsh, rending")

VOWEL (noun)
  1. #lehta, #lehta tengwë (pl lehtar, tehta tengwiare attested) (free, released element) - LEK, TEN - VT39
  2. #mussë, #mussë tengwë (pl mussi, mussë tengwiare attested) (soft element) - TEN - VT39
  3. #ómëa, #óma-tengwë (pl ómëar, óma-tengwi are attested) (tengwi chiefly dependent on the resonance of the voice (óma)) - OM, TEN - VT39
  4. penna (lit. "lacking") - PEN - VT39

W

WAIN (noun)

  1. lunca - LUK - VT43:19

WAIT (vb)

  1. see ENDURE

WAKE UP (vb)

  1. #eccoita- (maybe *eccuita- in LotR-style Quenya?) (from Q ereneccoitanië "that he might awaken them") - KUY - VT27

WANDER (vb)

  1. see FLY

WANDERER (noun)

  1. *ranyar - RAN - D.S.

WANDERING, ERRATIC (noun)

  1. ranya - RAN - VT42:13

WARE (noun)

  1. see ARTICLE

WARM (vb)

  1. *lauta- - LAW - P.T.

WAS (1st pers sg pa.t. vb)

  1. engë - VT43:38

WATERFALL (noun)

  1. *lantasírë (from S lanthir "waterfall") - DAT, SIR - B.S.

WATCH (vb) (intensively)

  1. cenda- (not "guard" but observe for some time (to gain information); often used for "reading") - KEN - VT41:5

WAVE I (noun)

  1. solmë - SOL - PE12:85

    (syn #falma "crested wave")

WAVE II (vb)

  1. solto- (heave, surge (up and down)) - SOL - PE12:85

    (syn #rúma- "shift, move", #amorta-)

WHENCE (adv, inter)

  1. *mallo (from where? from whom?) (abl of Q ma "what") - MA - H.F.

WHENCE (adv, rel)

  1. *yallo (from where, from whom) (abl of Q ya "which") - YA - H.F.

WHERE (adv, inter)

  1. *massë (in where? in whom?) (loc of Q ma "what") - MA - H.F.

WHEREBY (adv, rel)

  1. *yanen (with which, with whom) (instr of Q ya "which") - YA - H.F.

WHERETO (adv, rel)

  1. *yanna (to where, to whom) (all of Q ya "which") - YA - H.F.

WHITHER (adv, inter)

  1. *manna (to where? to whom?) (all of Q ma "what") - MA - H.F.

WHOSE (adv, inter)

  1. *mava (pos. of Q ma "what") - MA - R.D.

WHOSE (adv, rel)

  1. *yava (pos. of Q ya "which") - YA - H.F.

WHY (adv, inter)

  1. *manan (for what? for whom?) (dat of Q ma "what") - MA - H.F.

WILL I (noun)

  1. níra (as a potential or faculty) - NIR - VT39
  2. nirmë (the action or an act of níra) - NIR - VT39
  3. indo (mind in its purposing faculty, resolve) (Etym has Q indo "heart, mood", MR:216 has Q indo "mind") - NID - VT41:17
  4. indómë (settled character, the will of Eru) - NID - VT43:15
  5. mendë - MEN - VT43:15

WILL II (vb)

  1. *selya- (intend, purpose, mean, resolve) (from S thel- "intend, mean, purpose, resolve") - *STEL - B.S.

WINDOW (noun)

  1. *henet, pl *henetsi (from S heneth "window") - KHEN - B.S.

WINE, LIKE (adj)

  1. see WINY

WINY (adj)

  1. *míruva, *miruva (like wine) (from QL mirúva "like wine, winy) - B.S.

WING (noun)(extended point at side)

  1. see HORN

WISE (adj)

  1. #saila (from VT41:13 alasaila "unwise") - SAY - VT41:13

WISH TO GO TO A PLACE (vb)

  1. see DESIRE TO GO IN SOME DIRECTION

WITH (prep)

  1. #as- (from aselye "with thee") - VT43:30

WITHOUT (adv and prep)

  1. see DESTITUTE OF

WITHOUT BEAUTY I (adj)

  1. úvanëa- - UGU, UMU, BAN - VT39

WITHOUT BEAUTY II (adv)

  1. úvanë - UGU, UMU, BAN - VT39

WOMB (noun)

  1. #carva (from Q carvalyo 2nd pers gen "of your womb") - KAR - VT43:31
  2. #móna (from Q mónalyo 2nd pers gen "of your womb") - MÓ - VT43:31

WOOD (noun)

  1. toa- TAWA - VT39

WRITER (noun) (scribal, not narrative meaning)

  1. see SCRIBE

WRITING (noun)

  1. sarmë - SAR - VT39

WRONG (noun)

  1. *raicë - RÁYAK - G.R.

Y

*YES (part)

  1. yé

YESTERDAY (noun)

  1. *tellarë, *tellaurë - TELES, AR - T.F.

Z

: compilation © 2000-2002 Boris Shapiro :

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